Penerapan Hukum Terhadap Penyebaran Hoaks Berbasis AI (AI- Generated Misinformation)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.31933/vt8h2m31Keywords:
AI, Hoax, Cyber Law, Legal AccountabilityAbstract
Perkembangan pesat kecerdasan buatan (Artificial Intelligence/AI) telah mengubah lanskap penyebaran informasi digital, termasuk meningkatnya produksi dan distribusi hoaks berbasis AI seperti deepfake, konten sintetis, dan manipulasi algoritmik. Fenomena ini menimbulkan tantangan serius bagi sistem hukum Indonesia yang pada dasarnya masih dibangun atas paradigma pertanggungjawaban konvensional dan bersifat antropo-sentris. Artikel ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis kerangka normatif penerapan hukum terhadap AI-generated misinformation, mengkaji problematika pertanggungjawaban hukum dalam praktik penegakan hukum, serta menilai kecukupan instrumen hukum yang ada dalam merespons karakter kejahatan informasi berbasis AI. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah penelitian hukum normatif dengan pendekatan perundang-undangan, konseptual, dan kasus, melalui penelaahan terhadap UU ITE hasil revisi 2024, KUHP, UU Perlindungan Data Pribadi, serta praktik penegakan hukum dan putusan pengadilan terkait hoaks digital. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa meskipun norma hoaks dalam UU ITE dapat ditafsirkan secara ekstensif dan sistematis untuk menjangkau konten berbasis AI, terdapat kekosongan dan disharmonisasi norma yang berpotensi menimbulkan ketidakpastian hukum, over-kriminalisasi, serta ketidakkonsistenan penerapan hukum. Artikel ini menegaskan urgensi pembaruan kerangka normatif dan pengembangan model pertanggungjawaban hukum yang adaptif, responsif terhadap teknologi, dan berorientasi pada perlindungan masyarakat digital.
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