The Signing of Indonesia-Singapore Fir Realignment Agreement 2022: Prospect for New Indonesian Air Defense Identification Zone?
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Published:
Oct 16, 2023
Keywords:
Air Defense, ADIZ, Flight Information Region, Sovereignty
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Abstract
Indonesia's location makes it vulnerable to border disputes and security threats. Indonesia needs to establish a universal Indonesian national defense system to defend its sovereignty and territorial integrity. One of them is in air defense. In order to identify foreign aircraft entering Indonesian airspace early and to provide security for the Indonesian Archipelagic Sea Lanes (ALKI), the establishment of ADIZ in the country's EEZ is a crucial and required subject. This has the potential to become a long-term prospect that can be maximized to meet Indonesia's air security needs. Even though establishing a new Indonesian ADIZ must still be halted because of the delegation of Natuna FIR under the Indonesia-Singapore FIR agreement 2022, the signing of this treaty has produced a new pattern in Indonesia's air defense strategy. Indonesia's air defense, which is still far from ideal, can actually develop after the signing of the FIR agreement. However, this also requires an evaluation of the long-term plan for air defense in Indonesia so that it can produce national sovereignty.
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Muhammad, N. F. (2023). The Signing of Indonesia-Singapore Fir Realignment Agreement 2022: Prospect for New Indonesian Air Defense Identification Zone?. UNES Law Review, 6(1), 2588-2601. https://doi.org/10.31933/unesrev.v6i1.1027
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Desker, B. (2022). Singapore-Indonesia Ties: Renewed Deal for A New Age.
Devi, A. F. (2022). THE AIR DEFENSE IDENTIFICATION ZONE (ADIZ) INDONESIA IN ORDER TO ENSURE SECURITY IN THE AIR REGION JURISDICTION OF NATIONAL JURISDICTION. Strategi Pertahanan Udara, 8(1).
Drab, L. (2018). Defence diplomacy–an important tool for the implementation of foreign policy and security of the state. Security and Defence Quarterly, 20(3), 57-71.
Eleftheriadis, P. (2010). Law and sovereignty. Law and Philosophy, 29(5), 535-569.
Fu, X., Oum, T. H., & Zhang, A. (2010). Air transport liberalization and its impacts on airline competition and air passenger traffic. Transportation Journal, 49(4), 24-41.
Haripin, M. (2019). Civil-military relations in Indonesia: The politics of military operations other than war. Routledge. Civil-Military Relations in Indonesia: The Politics of Military Operations ... - Muhamad Haripin - Google Books
Hawley, J. K. (2017). Patriot wars: automation and the Patriot air and missile defense system. Patriot Wars | Center for a New American Security (en-US) (cnas.org)
Hsu, K. (2014). Air defense identification zone intended to provide China greater flexibility to enforce East China Sea claims. US-China Economic and Security Review Commission.
Joesoef, N. (2022). Enhancing the Indonesia Air Defense System: Confronting the challenges and military build-up In the Indo Pacific region. Technium Soc. Sci. J., 32, 592. https://doi.org/10.47577/tssj.v32i1.6383 Retrieved for Enhancing the Indonesia Air Defense System: Confronting the challenges and military build-up In the Indo Pacific region | Technium Social Sciences Journal (techniumscience.com)
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Latchford, S. (1959). The bearing of international air navigation conventions on the use of outer space. American Journal of International Law, 53(2), 405-411.
MacCormick, N. (1993). Beyond the sovereign state. The modern law review, 56(1), 1-18.
Meyer, T. J. (1998). Active Protective Systems. Armour, May-June. https://www.militarypedia.it/wp-content/uploads/2015/04/APS.pdf
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Papp, Z. (2015). Air Defense Identification Zone (ADIZ) in the Light of Public International Law. Pecs J. Int'l & Eur. L., 28.
Purwanto, H., & Yustitianingtyas, L. (2019). The Establishment of an Air Defense Identification Zone as an Opportunity in Enforcing the Sovereignty of the State and Law in Indonesia. JL Pol'y & Globalization, 85, 71.
Rodgers, M., & Otieno, N. (2021). International aviation law response to security in relation to unmanned aircraft system: a case for effective regulations,„. The Aviation & Space Journal, (11).
Sassen, S. (1996). Losing control?: sovereignty in the age of globalization. Columbia University Press. Losing Control?: Sovereignty in the Age of Globalization - Saskia Sassen - Google Books
Saw, S. M., Wu, H. M., Seet, B., Wong, T. Y., Yap, E., Chia, K. S., ... & Lee, L. (2001). Academic achievement, close up work parameters, and myopia in Singapore military conscripts. British journal of ophthalmology, 85(7), 855-860.
Sena, A., Hariri, A., Prasojo, G. L., & Iswahyudi, P. (2021). Diplomacy Review of Delegation of Republic of Indonesia to the International Civil Aviation Organization in Montreal Canada. SKYHAWK: Jurnal Aviasi Indonesia, 1(1), 52-66.
Singh, J. (2021). Defensive Strategies. In Nonoffensive Defense (pp. 23-39). Routledge.
Stewart, M. E. (2021). Freedom of overflight: a study of coastal State jurisdiction in international airspace. Kluwer Law International BV. Freedom of Overflight: A Study of Coastal State Jurisdiction in ... - Merinda E. Stewart - Google Books
Su, J. (2019). The Practice of States on Air Defense Identification Zones: Geographical Scope, Object of Identification, and Identification Measures. Chinese Journal of International Law, 18(4), 812-835.
Yulivan, I. (2022). Defense Industry Strategy in Strengthening the Indonesian Economy. Journal of Economics, Management and Trade, 28(4), 1-13.